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Author - Dr Kam Manak
Endometriosis is a complex and often painful condition where tissue resembling the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, grows in other parts of the body. It can lead to significant physical and emotional distress for those affected.
The misplaced tissue behaves like the endometrium within the uterus, reacting to hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle. This results in inflammation and can cause a range of symptoms, including:
Recognising these symptoms early and seeking medical advice is crucial.
It's estimated that endometriosis affects about 10% of women in the UK and is identified in 70% of those experiencing chronic pelvic pain. Alarmingly, there is often a prolonged delay in diagnosis, averaging seven years, which can exacerbate the condition and impact the quality of life.
The definitive method of diagnosis is through a surgical procedure known as a laparoscopy. This minimally invasive surgery involves inserting a camera into the pelvis to visualise and, if necessary, obtain samples to confirm the presence of endometriosis. Although research is progressing towards developing anon-invasive blood test, to date, there's no alternative that supersedes the diagnostic accuracy of a laparoscopy. This delay in diagnosis can prove to be a significant barrier to timely treatment.
Additional diagnostic tests to rule out other conditions may include sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening, cervical smears, pelvic examinations, and ultrasounds, tailored to your specific symptoms.
Treatments vary widely, depending on symptom severity and individual patient needs. They may range from simple anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen, to hormonal treatments like contraceptive pills that help manage symptoms. In some cases, more aggressive hormonal treatments or even surgical options may be necessary.
If you're experiencing symptoms that worry you or if you suspect that you may have endometriosis, please consult your GP or a gynaecologist. They can provide guidance, support, and discuss the best course of action for your particular situation.
Endometriosis is a significant condition that requires awareness and understanding. With the correct diagnosis and treatment, the symptoms can be managed, and quality of life can be improved.
